Comparison of the effect of oral prescription of chemical and biosynthetic silver nanoparticles on growth and biochemical indices of Lates calcarifer

Abstract

Introduction: Silver nanoparticles are widely used in various industries and it can be considered as the most widely used nano material in the industry.
Materials & Methods: In this study, the effects of eating two types of silver nanoparticles synthesized by chemical and biological methods on growth performance, survival, some immune factors, oxidant/antioxidant indices, biochemical factors and liver enzymes of Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) was compared. At first, the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Sargassum algae was carried out and the average lethal concentration of nanoparticles was determined according to the OECD standard method. The 96-hour chronic lethal concentration of chemical and biosynthetic silver nanoparticles was determined as 1.325 and 18.279 mg/liter, respectively. After investigating the toxicity status of biosynthetic and chemical silver nanoparticles, three concentrations of 5, 15, and 25 ppb were considered for each nanoparticle, and 630 fish were treated in 7 groups. Sampling of fish was done to measure the activity of biochemical indices on days 0, 30 and 60.
Result: During feeding with the diet containing biosynthetic silver nanoparticles, some growth indices had a significant increase, and in the treatments containing chemical silver nanoparticles, these indices were associated with a significant decrease compared to the control group (p<0.05). According to the results, the amount of globulin in the treatments fed with chemical nanoparticles decreased, especially in the chemical treatment 15, and in the biosynthetic nanoparticles treatments, there was a significant increase compared to the control group on days 30 and 60 (p<0.05). The amount of biochemical factors such as glucose and triglyceride also decreased significantly in all treatments containing chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles compared to the control group on days 30 and 60 (p<0.05).
Conclusion: the results showed that silver nanoparticles synthesized by chemical method have more toxic effects than silver nanoparticles synthesized by biological method orally through the reduction of biochemical indices and growth indicators, and the treatments fed with nanoparticles Silver by biological method 15 and 25 can be used as food supplement in sea bass diet.