Long-Term Health Effects of Air Pollution Exposure for Investigating Its Link to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd), Lung Cancer, and Animal Health

Abstract

Air pollution poses a major issue as an environmental health risk, and the causes of low respiratory diseases associated with prolonged exposure to air pollution include Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and lung cancer. This paper examines the association between air pollution and the occurrence of COPD and lung cancer with regard to how the long-term exposure of humans to air pollutants like particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) leads to the development of the disease. The goal is to learn how air pollution aggravates lung disease conditions, evaluate the rates of COPD and lung cancer in the highly exposed population, and identify preventive strategies that may be applied. These approaches involve thorough examination of epidemiological research, long-term cohort research, and clinical data, as well as monitoring of air quality in both urban and industrial locations. Findings indicate the existence of a clear association between long-term air pollution exposure and elevated risk of developing COPD and lung cancer. Pollutants play a role in causing inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage of lung tissues, which increases the pace of the disease. This research stresses how important it is that animal models should be incorporated when researching the broader ecological impact that air pollution has on lung health. The addition of animal models will act as a bridge between human and animal health research. The research arrives at a conclusion that these long-term health effects can be alleviated by regulating the exposure to air pollution through stricter regulations, improving the quality of the air, and creating awareness of the health hazard.