Towards Intelligent Animal Environmental Governance: A Framework Combining AI, Environmental Law, ESG, and Sustainable Livestock Management

Abstract

Sustainable livestock production requires intelligent governance mechanisms that effectively balance environmental protection, regulatory compliance, animal welfare, and economic productivity. Conventional environmental governance systems primarily rely on manual inspections, periodic reporting, and fragmented monitoring processes, which often limit timely decision-making and sustainability assessment. This paper proposes an AI-driven Intelligent Animal Environmental Governance Framework that integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI), environmental law, Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles, and sustainable livestock management into a unified decision-support architecture. The proposed framework employs multi-source environmental and livestock data collected through IoT sensors, remote sensing technologies, environmental databases, and regulatory repositories. AI techniques, including machine learning and explainable AI, are utilized to perform environmental risk prediction, automated compliance verification, ESG performance evaluation, and intelligent governance recommendations. A mathematical model is developed to optimize environmental sustainability, legal compliance, and animal welfare using multiple governance indicators. Comparative performance analysis demonstrates that the proposed framework significantly improves environmental compliance, ESG performance, environmental risk prediction accuracy, resource utilization efficiency, and computational performance compared with conventional governance approaches. The integration of adaptive learning further enables continuous improvement in governance decisions based on real-time environmental feedback. The proposed framework provides policymakers, regulatory agencies, certification bodies, and livestock enterprises with a transparent, scalable, and data-driven solution for sustainable environmental governance. Furthermore, it supports the implementation of One Health principles and contributes toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals through intelligent, environmentally responsible livestock management.