Effect of different levels of probiotics and physical form of feed on small intestinal morphology and immune system in Japanese quail chicks

Abstract

Introduction: An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of
probiotics and physical form of feed on the morphology of the small intestine and the immune
system in Japanese quail.
Materials & Methods: 240 one-day-old Japanese quail chicks were examined in a factorial
experiment in a completely randomized design with 6 replications, 6 replications with 10 chicks
per replication for 42 days. Experimental treatments include: Flour feed (mesh) containing pure
water (no probiotic proxin), Flour feed (mesh) containing two levels of probiotic soluble
protexin in drinking water (1 and 2%), Crumble feed with three levels of probiotic proxin (0%,
1%) Were soluble in drinking water. Experimental diets were adjusted based on the nutritional
needs of quail chicks of the National Research Association using UFFDA software. To test for
blood cell count, at 42 days of age, one chick was selected from each replicate and a blood
sample was taken from a wing vein. One bird was killed from each pen, and the relative weight
and length of different parts of the intestine, the length and width of the villi, and the depth of
the crypt were studied.
Results: Chickens fed crumble diet and lacking probiotic protexin had the highest percentage
of lymphocytes and chickens fed mesh and lacking probiotic protexin had the highest
percentage of monocytes (P<0.05). The results of intestinal morphology showed that two
treatments of crumble and containing 2% probiotic soluble in drinking water had the highest
values of villi length and crypt depth (P<0.05). The relative weights of the various components
of the gastrointestinal tract and the relative lengths of the duodenum and cecum were
significantly affected by the experimental diets (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of the experiment showed that the use of probiotic protexin improved
the immune system of the Japanese quail and improved the length and width of the villi; The
crypt depth as well as the weight and relative length of the various intestinal components were
improved.