Evaluation of the effect of Mentha piperata and Mentha Pulegium extract on blood and biochemical parameters in Oncorhynchus mykiss

Abstract

Introduction: In recent years, herbal compounds have replaced artificial supplements in
the fisheries due to their benefits. This study was performed to investigate the effects of
Mentha piperata and Mentha . Pulegium extracts on some blood and biochemical
parameters in Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Materials & methods: For this purpose, 360 fish were evaluated in a completely
randomized design with six treatments and four replications on a farm around Kermanshah
Province. Experimental groups included (1): control group (basic diet), (2): treatment
containing 1% Pennyrile, (3): treatment containing 2% M. Pulegium, (4): treatment
containing 1% M. piperata, (5) treatments contained 2% M. piperata and (6) combination
treatments (1% of each extract). Blood parameters, including white and red blood cells,
globulin, hemoglobin, and biochemical parameters, including glucose, triglycerides,
albumin and the enzymes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and
aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were evaluated.
Results: According to the results, the combination of M. pulegium and M. piperata extracts
resulted in more white blood cells, red blood cells, and hemoglobin compared to the
individual levels of both mint extracts. The highest average blood glucose was related to
the treatment containing 2% M . piperata and the combination of two extracts. In the
treatment of 1% M. pulegium, the lowest blood glucose level was observed. The highest
and lowest amount of triglycerides were assigned to 1% M. piperata extract and the
combination of two M. piperata and M. pulegium extracts, respectively. The most
significant effect on the amount of albumin was related to 2% M . piperata extract. 1% M .
piperata extract had the greatest effect on increasing the amount of blood globulin. The
greatest effect in reducing ALP was related to M. piperata 1% and M. pulegium 1%,
respectively. The lowest amount of ALT enzyme related to M. Pulegium, 1 and 2%. The
greatest effect on the reduction of AST enzyme activity was related to 1% M. pulegium and
the combination of two extracts together.
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it seems that in physiological conditions,
the use of M. pulegium and M. piperata extracts can improve the physiology of fish while
improving the function of the immune system and some blood biochemical parameters.